Annotated Bibliography Essay Example for Free

Clarified Bibliography Essay In light of the writer examination of online learning condition and diverse learning styles; it appears that electronic learning condition is a superb mode for upgrading learning, because of its capacity to conform to singular understudy learning styles and inclinations. The article researches the effect of understudies learning style and their exhibition. Online degrees have expanded since 2006. More students are turning out to be all the more innovatively shrewd, and it is those students that are mechanically maladroit, who depends on instructional plan from study hall settings and cooperation with educators and friends. The examination prompts the evaluation and learning style on understudy accomplishment in a Web based learning condition. In the event that it was simply a question of instructional learning it would be a solid match for all, nonetheless, all doesn't have innovation capacities. On the off chance that all students had these capacities, online learning styles would increment. Electronic instructional plan modules are not convincing to certain learning styles. Thought ought to be given to the students qualities whether the student can get a handle on the material by means of the online guidance. Students ought to consider their learning style, inspirational level, capacity to interface with the educator and their companions. Be that as it may, without these capacities, students’ learning styles will be affected in light of the fact that they come up short on the capacities to learn through online guidance modules. Lai, I K. W. Lam, F.K.S. (2010). Impression of different execution standards by partners in the development area in Hong Kong. Exploration is led to look at changed purposes of perspectives on the significance of execution results in a development venture in Hong Kong. ANOVA was utilized to examine the information comparative with how the exhibitions were estimated. Exhibitions were estimated utilizing a presentation rules beginning with the most significant first, which is time. Opportune fulfillment of a task would forestall loss of income and penalities to the temporary worker. Lai and Lam noticed that development ventures require succinct arranging, and areâ divided between the specialist and the contractual worker. Be that as it may, each gathering has a noteworthy influence in the projects’ achievement. The distinction between the customer and the contractual worker; the customer normally push for opportune finishing and would offer a motivating force reward for convenient fruition, be that as it may, the temporary worker would favor a sensible span of time, in this way to stay away from penalities to the temporary worker. The customer, specialist, and the contractual worker, all parterner together to make the venture a triumph by bringing work fulfillment, quality, wellbeing, condition, age of imaginative thoughts, execution measures, and viability to the task. Maintaining a strategic distance from any incidents that will defer or shield the undertaking from running easily. Williams, A BTM7101-8 Activity 6, pg 2 The consequences of the examination found that time was the most significant factor of the task and ought to be contemplated right off the bat in the arranging procedure, and certain recompenses ought to be considered into the spending plan, for example, time requirements, postponements, and disasters that could occur during the development of the undertaking. References Wang, K.H., Wang, J.H., Wang, W.L. Huang, S.C. (2006) Learning styles and developmental evaluation procedure: upgrading understudy accomplishment in Web-based learning Wang T., Wang K., Wang W., Huang S. Chen S. (2004) Web-based Assessment and Test Analyses (WATA) framework: improvement and assessment. Diary of Computer Assisted Learning 20, 59â€71 Passage N. Chen S. (2000) Individual contrasts, hypermedia route and learning: an experimental examination. Diary of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia 9, 281â€312. Seckel, S. (2007 Characteristics and Responsibilities of Successful e-Learners LAI, I. K. W. (2010). View of Various execution standards by stateholders in the development segment in Hong kong. Assaf, S.A. what's more, Al-Hejji, S. (2006) Causes of deferral in enormous development ventures. Worldwide Journal of Project Management, 24(4), 349-57. Naoum, S. (2003) A review into the idea of parternering . Global Journal of Project Management 21(1), 71-6. PAH (2008) Project Administration Handbook for Civil Engineeering Works, 2008 Edition.

Sexual Revolution through the Decades Essay Example Essay Example

Sexual Revolution during that Time Essay Example Paper Sexual Revolution during that Time Essay Introduction Harking back to the 1900s, there was a restricted information about sex and anti-conception medication (Sochen 29). During this time, specialists don't analyze ladies frequently in light of the fact that they knew practically nothing about the regenerative framework and controlling origination (Sochen 29). As per the Victorian good code, ladies ought not talk about sex with anybody and it was viewed as a social untouchable (Sochen 29). There was twofold standard in regards to profound quality where masculine encounters were appreciated and ladylike modesty was required (Sochen 29). Over the course of the years, clinical innovation and research in regards to sex and contraception progressed consistently (Sochen 29). Anti-conception medication strategies are known by the individuals and they have been utilized all the more usually (Sochen 29). The sexual upset in the sixties shows how it was suggestive of the twenties and how it increased the degree of data and recognition in regards t o sexual issues. Many years of Sexual Revolution 1960s Sexual Revolution during that Time Essay Body Paragraphs For most social antiquarians, the sexual transformation was a result of the 1960s (Petigny 63). Quick progression of sexual freedom rose after the ascent of Alfred Kinsey and Hugh Hefner (Petigny 63). Playboy’s course developed from 70, 000 to in excess of a million and it kept on becoming as the years progressed (Marty 66). The rise of pre-marriage sexual conduct came in this decade after the general slackening of sexual perspectives that began two or three decades before in the forties and the fifties (Petigny 63). During this decade, ladies relinquished their battle to remain â€Å"categorized† as virgins (Petigny 63). The customary acts of romance quickly vanished during the 1960s (Marty 65). The new examples of cooperation occurred that was clear of the adjustments in the understandings of qualities and assumptions of how the world functions and the thoughts of the connection among people (Marty 65). In their vision, a great life was established by acceptable sex a nd material solace (Marty 67). It was additionally during this time the Food and Drug Administration endorsed the promoting and utilization of â€Å"the pill† or oral contraceptives that relax the rest of the limitations on sexual wantonness realized by the dread for undesirable pregnancies (Marty 67). By 1963, in excess of a million ladies were taking this pill. Be that as it may, regardless of whether pre-marriage sexual experience was expanding during the 1960s among young ladies, they despite everything spoke to similar young ladies who picked marriage and an ordinary way of life after such pre-marriage rehearses (Sochen 29). It was uncommon for youngsters to forsake those conventional methods of conduct when it came to marriage during the 1960s (Sochen 29). 1970s During the 1970s, the hipster way of life rose unequivocally in the prior long periods of the decade (Sochen 29). The women's activist contentions have not changed much sequestered from everything behind an idea listic situation throughout the years since the 1900s (Sochen 29). Be that as it may, it was likewise in the start of this decade where 32 percent overall public saw union with be old (Marty 83). There was additionally a decay of the youngsters who said that they were anticipating marriage (Marty 83). Homosexuality likewise increased progressively noticeable and particular ways of life that developed considerably more than having sexual wants and practices (Marty 85). During this time, they were at that point increasingly open in taking part in gay and lesbian connections (Marty 85). Clinical discernment with respect to the idea of homosexuality additionally changes as in 1973; the American Psychiatric Association had evacuated the classification of homosexuality as a psychological issue (Marty 85). The open view of gay people had likewise changed, notwithstanding the way that there was as yet solid hostility towards them in certain zones; the perspectives towards people turned out to be increasingly lenient (Marty 85). At the point when sex had become a subject open for conversation, fetus removal was additionally examined all the more uninhibitedly (Marty 85). It was even given more consideration when the Supreme Court controlled in Roe v. Swim that premature birth laws disregarded privileges of security (Marty 85). During this time, increasingly vocal and progressively persistent discussions in regards to the master life and expert decision developments prodded. Genius life developments were against premature birth and needed to ensure the privileges of the unborn youngster while the star decision development needed to secure the privileges of the ladies to pick whether they needed to proceed with the pregnancy and prematurely end the kid. It was likewise during this decade wherein separate from law additionally mirrored the changing perspectives of the individuals about marriage and the qualities with respect to the lastingness of marriage (Marty 183). The â€Å"no-fault† separate was at that point actualized in the territory of California. By 1977, everything except three states has just adjusted such law that came about to the expansion of separation rates from unrecoverable breakdown of marriage or beyond reconciliation contrasts (Marty 183). 1980s An examination was led with respect to the bearing of the sexual transformation during the 1980s, regardless of whether it has expanded the degree of pre-marriage sexual practices or if the individuals has gone preservationist (Roche and Ramsbey 67). It was likewise an investigation that evaluated the degree that concerned contracting AIDS comparable to pre-marriage sex (Roche and Ramsbey 67). There consequence of the examination was blended; there were some proof that apparent a progressively moderate situation from the individuals (Roche and Ramsbey 67). It was clear how the two guys and females had progressively preservationist mentalities and conduct about finding out about A IDS (Roche and Ramsbey 67). Notwithstanding, there were as yet a level of females that were as yet sexual dynamic. There was likewise more noteworthy leniency found in the aftereffects of the overview (Roche and Ramsbey 67). They answered to have encountered intercourse and the two guys and females answered to have high rates to have encountered oral-genital incitement (Roche and Ramsbey 67). It must be noticed that the respondents of this examination indicated a staggering reaction toward conservatism after hearing data about AIDS (Roche and Ramsbey 67). Another bunch of conservatism has been rising in the mid 1980s. It was seen that commentators talked about AIDS like the acts of the Victorian model of profound quality principles (Reiss and Reiss107). For example, when TV or radio commentators would discuss the reason for HIV disease being the exchange of â€Å"bodily fluids† people in general isn't all around educated with respect to what they were really alluding to (Reis s and Reiss107). It could really allude to pee, spit, vaginal emissions, semen and even blood (Reiss and Reiss107). Something else is that nobody talked about butt-centric intercourse so that the individuals would know that it was a lot less secure than vaginal intercourse due to the conservatism that encompassed the media (Reiss and Reiss107). At the point when Rock Hudson passed on, the open needed to have more data (Reiss and Reiss107). The danger of numbness broke the individuals of intensity in the media and stopped the conservatism that was available during the 1980s (Reiss and Reiss107). 1990s The view of the sexual transformation during the 1990s was more intelligent than the contrasted with different decades that had passed (Reiss and Reiss 235). The portion of the populace that was viewed as players was for the most part from the school instructed fragment of the nation (Reiss and Reiss 235). The greater part of them had instruction past secondary school and the school tau ght populace maintained solid convictions in fairness and individual rights (Reiss and Reiss 235). The more established children of post war America had took the places of intensity and drove the nation into another sexual transformation like that of the 1960s (Reiss and Reiss 235). Given the encounters and comprehension of sexuality the individuals turned out to be better prepared to deal with a more pluralist sexual upset contrasted with the previous decade. The 1990s assumed a job in coordinating pluralist mentalities in opening sexual practices (Reiss and Reiss 235).Sexual emergency with respect to AIDS, assault, adolescent pregnancies, kid sexual maltreatment were significant weights the accelerated the move towards sexual pluralism (Reiss and Reiss 235). The essential principles of sexual pluralism included estimations of genuineness, equity and duty (Reiss and Reiss 235). The sexual unrest of this age called attention to a blend of profound feelings of sexuality with a quiet heading for reason (Reiss and Reiss 236). This decade supplanted power and control with joy and compassion (Reiss and Reiss 236). The New Millennium The sexual transformation built up the expanded degree of sexual action even among youths and youthful grown-ups that indicated a general uplifting demeanor towards pre-marriage sex (Caron and Moskey 515+). The best significance of the expanded utilization of condoms among explicitly dynamic youthfulness was one of the concentrations in this decade (Caron and Moskey 515+). In an exploration that thought about the graduating classes of 1950, 1975 to 2000, it demonstrated how the class of 2000 was bound to have sex with more than one sexual accomplice (Caron and Moskey 515+). As referenced, they were bound to utilize anti-conception medication strategies; the main technique was the utilization of condoms (Caron and Moskey 515+). In the classes of the past, there were scarcely any understudies who were having intercourse while they were in secondary school, on the off chance that they did, they would do it with one accomplice and without security (Caron and Moskey 515+). This age likewise addressed that they could straightforwardly discuss sex with their folks, their companions or with their accomplices that was not the situation in the prior decades (Caron and Moskey 515+). Such discoveries demonstrated that the new thousand years age spoke to a considerably more dependable gathering of teenagers who use assurance and furthermore feel great about discussing their sexuality with others (Caron and Moskey 515+). We will compose a custom exposition test on Sexual Revolution through the

Sentimental Objects (part two)

Sentimental Objects (part two) This is part 2 of a four part series spread across our four years at the tvte (for the first part, go here). Throughout the school year, we like to collect things that we are too attached to to throw away. We put these things in a ceramic, mushroom-shaped container (which we affectionately refer to as our memory mushroom), and when it overflows (which it inevitably does), we pile the stuff next to it. At the end of the year, we like to go through all of the stuff we collected, and reflect on the memories associated with each item, which is what you see below! 1) The program for Yaoi on Fire, the fire spinning club’s summer and fall semester encore performance. It was based on one of our favorite animes, Yuri on Ice! And our really awesome friend was in it, performing with a sword that they machined! 2) Sticky notes with beautifully wholesome messages we got from our lovely freshman (that we counseled in Freshman Arts Program) during the last dinner of the week in Unos! Can’t wait to be counselors again in a couple months! 3) The program for Avenue Q, a play that multiple friends were in! 4) The program for Cabaret Night! Only Danny got to see this, but it was an awesome show put on by the Musical Theater Guild where people performed awesome solos! 5) The program for Go Back for Murder, another play that multiple freinds were in! We saw it with our friend Nia during IAP, as described in this blog! 6) The program for Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat This is another MTG show we saw! Our favorite song was Those Canaan Days  ! 7) Hedgehog and dear ink drawing our friend (and founder of Borderline) Julia R. ‘18 made us after the Borderline fall semester showcase! 8) Trinkets from our first time going on the annual Art Scholars  trip! It was an awesome day, where we got to see 2 Avant-garde shows (Flight and Sleep No More), explore NYC, and eat a fancy dinner with art friendos! Displayed are: The masks we had to wear during Sleep No More (which is by far the craziessssstttttt show we’ve ever experienced!) a hole punched playing card that was part of the Sleep No More *experience* The program and tickets to Flight 3 postcards we got for free from the Mckittrick Hotel, which is where both of the shows were heldand!!!! fun fact: the Mckittrick Hotel is where Ghost Quartet* was performed *Ghost Quartet is a song cycle that we LOVE that was written by Dave Malloy** **Dave Malloy is a person we LOVE because he also wrote Natasha, Pierre, and The Great Comet of 1812 (Comet, for short)*** ***Comet is a musical we, shockingly, LOVE and is the first and only musical we ever saw live on Broadway 9) The program of The Addams Family! This was the show Next Act put on this year during CPW, and it was amazzinngg! We became obsessed with the soundtrack after seeing it! Our favorite character was Morticia, who our friend Victoria L. ‘18 played PERFECTLY. Victoria also made spoopy eye contact with us and fellow FAP counselor Joanna G. 20 throughout the show! We also became very obsessed with the voice of the original actress who played Morticia, specifically at this moment. 10) The program of Ignite, the very first ever dance showcase we attended at MIT! Our friend Katherine C. ‘19 was in it!! 11) Chroma’s second edition, which we were both staff on! 12) Program for Playsentations, the final presentation for 2.00b (Toy Design)! We both took 2.00b last year, so we decided to support some freshmen friendos taking it this year! 13) Hacking Arts name tags that we got for representing Borderline! 14) Our birthday cards from our wing! Its a 3E tradition to set out a card the day before every persons birthday for everyone to sign. Then at midnight, we sing that person Happy Birthday, and whack them (more or less gently) with pillows n times, where n = their age + 1 (the 1 is for good luck!) 15) Invitations to an art show put on by our friend, Jessie W. ‘19! It displayed a series of metallic leaf paintings she made throughout this semester! Very beautiful and inspirational! After gawking at the incredible paintings, we bumped into our friend Elissa H. 21 and started talking about Steven Universe because it was the day after two episodes came out that SHOOK the whole fandom …. those who keep up with Steven Universe KNOW! 16) Program for the MassArt Senior Animation show! It was an incredible show with some extremely well made animated short films! It definitely did not contribute to the major and career dilemma that we have been having this entire semester…. ha ha . nope not at all… blog about this to come 17) Rune’s 38th edition! Both of our art is in it! 18) Bottle caps of the first ginger we ever tried! Our friend Charlotte M. 20 invited us to J entry to try *real* ginger beer after we tried the ginger beer she and our friend  Caroline B. 21 made, which apparently was not *real* because it wasnt gingery enough and too yeasty. (we thought both were excellent tbh, but also saw their point after trying the real deal) 19) Cute note + paper towel wrapping from a present that our friend Joana gave us! It was hanging on our door knob after a stressful day! Much Appreciated 3 20) Chroma’s first edition, which we were both staff on! 21) Presents from our fantabulous friend from high school, Ale! @Ale, if you are reading this, cant wait to see you this summer! 22) Cursed Sticky Notes 23) The cover that fell off one of Allans notebooks 24) Tickets from various times we went to the MFA (Museum of Fine Arts) this year! 25)  Photo Booth pics from Ring Delivery! 26) Various Brass Rat related things: The paper around Allan’s Ring Box for his demo ring (all ringcomm members get a temporary class ring early to wear as a demo in the months before Ring Delivery) A Ring Comm name tag worn during Ring Premiere (?) Danny’s blue lottery ticket he got at Ring Premiere (did not win any of the lotteries as described here) 27) Random knitted thing 28)  A CD proving that the earth, like a CD, is actually flat and hollow… the theory was contrived and confirmed true by J entrya course 12 lives there so its very legit they gave a presentation about it at Activities Halfway during CPW too, alongside MIT Confessions, MIT Memes, and MassTech 29)  Presents from our friend Karen C. ‘20 33 30)  Knitted things for an experimental animation assignment Allan did for Animation 1 at MassArt 32) A sticky note Danny used to plan his final project for Animation 1 33) A sticky note that says MTA, used as a prop to recreate the intro of this video in a snapchat 34)  One World  braceletsAfter going to all the tent parties to sample the food (the chocolate pretzels and bread with pesto were real good), we decided to leave the parties (because dancing + way too loud music + dim lights = not our scene) and instead hung out with Elissa! She made us tea in a bowl (because her kettle was not big enough), and then we all worked on art stuff for our final projects, listened to Elissas angsty playlist (which was really quality), and talked about academic dilemmas and career struggles. 35)  WAITTRESSSSSSSS do we need to say more? 36) MORE WAITRESS 37) Borderlines various flyers throughout this year 38)  First clue for the impossible Ring Comm 2020 Puzzle Hunt solved by Zach O. ‘20 39) Corgi/sense8 themed present we made for Karens birthday (p.s. super hyped for the Sense8 finale!) our Memory Mushroom is empty now, because we transfered all of the sophmore things to our  buzz bag does this mean were juniors now? :O Post Tagged #2.00b Toy Design #Arts Scholars #Brass Rat #cross-registration #Fire Spinning #MTG (Musical Theatre Guild) #Ring Delivery #The Borderline at MIT

The Success of the New Deal in Solving the Problems Caused...

The Success of the New Deal in Solving the Problems Caused by the Great Depression Introduction- In the late 1920’s and early 1930’s the whole of America was in a deep depression and was in desperate need of help. When Franklin D Roosevelt was elected president of USA he came up with the plan of â€Å"the new deal† this was a planned guideline to regenerate money and the high standards of living the Americans once had not so long ago. He introduced 5 major organisations to restructure the American way of life they were now facing; these were the F.E.R.A, C.C.C, A.A.A, T.V.A and the N.R.A. In this essay I am going to study if â€Å"the new deal† was successful up to 1941. During the Great Depression, when†¦show more content†¦He asked Congress to create â€Å"a corporation clothed with the power of government but possessed of the flexibility and initiative of a private enterprise.† On May 18, 1933, Congress passed the TVA act. Right from the start, TVA established a unique problem-solving approach to fulfilling its mission-integrated resource management. Each issue TVA faced—whether it was power production, navigation, flood control, malaria prevention, reforestation, or erosion control—was studied in its broadest context. The N.R.A was an act called for industrial self-regulation and declared that codes of fair competition-for the protection of consumers, competitors, and employers-were to be drafted for the various industries of the country and were to be subject to public hearings. The administration was empowered to make voluntary agreements dealing with hours of work, rates of pay, and the fixing of prices. The AAA paid farmers not to grow crops and not to produce dairy produce such as milk and butter. It also paid them not to raise pigs and lambs. The money to pay the farmers for cutting back production of about 30% was raised by a tax on companies that bought the farm products and processed them into food and clothing. The AAA also became involved in trying to help farmers destroyed by the creation of the dust bowl in 1934. The Federal Emergency Relief Administration, or FERA, is a governmentShow MoreRelatedThe Great Depression Trademarks America1544 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Depression trademarks America at its all-time historical down point. In FDR’s Folly, Powell spotlights the presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, astronomical levels of unemployment, as well as the New Deal program developed to combat the Great Depression. Powell, who was born and educated in London, earned a master’s degree in history and he clearly demonstrates his views to the reader. In his words, FDR’s presidency did not aid the economic state but drove it further back as well asRead MoreFranklin Roosevelt (FDR) Essay850 Words   |  4 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s program of relief, recovery, and reform that aimed at solving the economic problems created by the Depression of the 1930’s, was referred to as the New Deal. The Great Society was the name given to the domestic program of the U.S. president Lyndon B. Johnson. Both programs had similar yet opposing points. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Something had to be done about the banking system disintegration, andRead MoreHow the New Deal Failed to Achieve Its Objectives1279 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The New Deal failed to achieve its objectives† The ‘New Deal’ was introduced by Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1933, in his first 100 days in office. The new deal was based upon a series of economic programmes implemented in the United States by the federal government. 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Analyzing The Categories Of Food Oriented Retailers Using...

Introduction Food-retailing constitutes of various categories when classified using the width and depth assortment classification system. This classification system focuses on the product lines of the food-store. The conventional supermarkets have been facing challenges because of the constant growth of combination stores and the superstore stores. This presents a need for the conventional market to devise ways which will enable them to face this competition. Additionally, it is imperative for a supermarket retailer to estimate the level of market saturation of a particular location before moving into that area. Various ways of evaluating this level exist. This paper will, therefore, analyze the categories of some food-oriented retailers using the width and depth assortment classification system. It will also assess the consequences of the growth of the combination stores and food-based superstores on the conventional supermarket while providing ways which will enable the conventional supermarket to remain competitive in the market. And finally, the ways that a supermarket retailer can estimate the level of market saturation of a location will be evaluated. Part A: Box or the Limited Line Store Box or limited line stores such Aldi, have a focus on a small range of item selection and limited manufacturer brands. Their stock typically constitutes few brands and sizes per item, few to no refrigeration of perishables, and generally have fewer items compared to other foodShow MoreRelatedmarketing questions13877 Words   |  56 Pagesquestion.    ____  Ã‚  Ã‚   1.  Ã‚   An interactive, flexible information system that enables managers to obtain and manipulate information as they are making decisions is called a: a. single-source system b. marketing information system c. primary data system d. marketing decision support system e. database marketing system       ____  Ã‚  Ã‚   2.  Ã‚   The function of _____ is to address what if questions. It entails planning, collecting, and analyzing data relevant to marketing decision making, and the communicationRead MoreA Study on Customer Preference in Retail Store- Adani Store28361 Words   |  114 Pagesdeciding the part of product mix requirement for upcoming hypermarket. 1. INTRODUCTION The first question that must be considered is: what is ‘retail’? 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Hero and Ceremony Free Essays

The Monomyth The monomyth is a recurring, underlying theme that many writers follow not only intentionally but unintentionally as well; it follows the hero throughout the novel and explains the success of many mainstream novels. The monomyth is in its entirety he hero’s journey, beginning with the departure, then the initiation and ending with the return. In the novel of ceremony there is no real sense of time there are many flashback’s but there still is a monomyth and it also fills many of the categories to be one. We will write a custom essay sample on Hero and Ceremony or any similar topic only for you Order Now Our hero in ceremony is Tayo even though he is not the average hero with great strength or intelligence but a hero who has an inner battle with himself and stress; he falls into the category of a romantic hero. The refusal in the monomyth has 6 step’s and ceremony manages to cover 5 of them , the first being the refusal and in ceremony it is not as a genuine refusal but a morale one that he wishes to continue to be accepted and not belittled by just being native American by the white people, during the war he was accepted and considered a hero by white people but when his uniform was off and he was returned home he was thought less of just because of his ethnicity so the real refusal here is his refusal to return to blatant racism even if it is not direct. A hero must also have a rescue from without that lets the audience see that even heroes are mortal and require help or rescue at one point to appeal to pathos or emotion. Tayo’s issue or battle with post-traumatic stress that causes him to drink to try to escape the sadness and memories of all his friends and loved ones death in the war, he is from without and also has a personal identity crisis that troubles him throughout the novel. The crossing of the threshold in the novel is not marked by a arduous task or magnanimous event but subtle and gentle , after meeting the â€Å"the woman† in the mountains who help’s Tayo with catching Josiah’s cattle or â€Å"the cattle of his dreams throughout his and her meeting by the last meeting Tayo feel’s much better about himself and his heritage, Tayo officially crosses the threshold after freeing the cattle of Josiah from a white man’s ranch but shows him the bill of sale and the cattle are wrangled to the woman’s house, so Tayo gets Robert and they head to the woman’s cabin and when they arrive the cattle are corralled in old Indian fashion and the house is abandoned and a few months after that Grandma claim’s he’s cured but Tayo’s true cure come when he puts an end to the ceremony, which is when Emo comes chasing him and torture Harley, a little before this. Tayo runs into a uranium mine and notices f rom the patterns on in the mine that it is the final stage of his ceremony. Master of two world’s is when the hero realizes that there is nothing separating the new world from old world and is has a better understand and in ceremony this step is very clear when Tayo is finally cured and even a bit before that he is at peace with his old memories and sense of loss and his major self-realization that renders knowledge is after having relations with the woman in the mountain’s he knows that the land and people you love are never truly lost because they had existed in the first place. The hero’s final step is the Freedom to Live, Tayo with his new found knowledge of himself and the land is finally able to live at peace with himself and calm his inner demons to no longer cause nightmares and be able to live his life as a regular Indian now accepted by the tribe. How to cite Hero and Ceremony, Essay examples

Case Analysis Hawkesbury Cabinets Pty Ltd

Question: Discuss about the Case Analysis for Hawkesbury Cabinets Pty Ltd. Answer: Introduction The Case describes a situation where high industry demand of a particular product lead to problematic operational and supply chain issues for a manufacturing company. Hawkesbury Cabinets is a manufacturing company that provides kitchen solutions. Currently the industry has demand for two types of kitchen solutions; custom made solutions and standard solutions. Fung Chen, who founded Hawkesbury Cabinets had foreseen this demand and thus started the manufacturing company with an objective to reap the profits of the high industry growth. The focus of their strategy was to make quick profit that was possible through custom made cabinets as the profit margins were high in that segment. But since the industry demand for standard cabinets was high too, they manufactured standard solutions also (Gilmour, 2013). Since the company had only a single manufacturing facility and a sole strategy to make quick profits, the manufacturing facility was bound to find itself under supply demand pressure soon. On top of that, there were a third segment of cabinets solutions was catching up in the industry known as the builders kitchen. This case analysis covers the aspects as to what Hawkesbury Cabinets need to consider while making this decision. Case Analysis Whenever a manufacturing company starts in a high demand industry, it faces a huge dilemma in terms of what approach to choose (Meredith, 2015). Whether to follow a quick profit through high margins approach or a sustainable growth with normal or low profit margins. The latter seems to be sustainable but the risk of a competitor getting into the industry and taking the market share is high. Hawkesbury Cabinets took the former approach where they tried to make profits through manufacturing of higher profit margins segment i.e. the custom cabinets solutions. They also manufactured the standard cabinets solutions but raw material, manufacturing, lead-time priorities were given to custom solutions. This resulted in a higher lead-time for standard cabinets. Since the demand was ever growing, soon the facility found itself under deadlock where lead time for both the segments increased since the operations and supply chain were not optimized and were just prioritized (Aghazadeh, Hafeznezami ,Najjar Huq, 2011). The manufacturing facility had a very simple design with flexible machines that could produce both custom cabinets and standard cabinets. Also the facility layout of the Mulgrave manufacturing facility was designed in such a way that all the frequently used machines such as saws, cutting tables, routers etc. were kept separate from lesser-used machines such as lathes. Human resources were also capable of building both the product types. The problem lied in the tasks scheduling. Instead of scheduling tasks based on the nature of work, the scheduling was done on the basis of priority. Custom made cabinets always got a higher priority than the standard cabinets. Thus, all the tasks were done for the custom made cabinets and then they were done for standard cabinets. This eventually led to an increased lead time for the standard solutions and also a higher WIP inventory and unnecessarily held on the resources. Since the manufacturing facility was already under pressure due to increase i n raw material WIP, costs and eventually leading to lower margins, the addition of this third product line could prove dangerous for the companys financials and operations if a proper strategy was not undertaken (Sabharwal,Syal Hastak, 2009). Hence, Fung and Chen did not understand the fact that in order to accommodate in ever increasing industry demand and to include additional product line, the manufacturing facility needs a lot of changes (Williams, 2011). At this point if Fung and Chen start the additional product line, the company would run into bigger problems such as increased lead time, lack of resources in terms of space, craftsman etc. Thus before adding the third product line, the manufacturing facility needs a lot of changes and optimization efforts. Following are some of the factors that Fung and Chen need to consider Financial Investment Adding a 3rd product line will definitely require additional investment in terms of expanding the facility with more machines, craftsman and raw materials. This investment would reduce the profit margins but will be beneficial in the long run (Pagell Shevchenko, 2014). Also the breakeven point would arrive a lot later than before. But this approach will be beneficial to sustain and grow in the industry Skilled Craftsmen In order to be a successful manufacturing company producing multiple product lines, the craftsmen must be highly skilled and experienced. Also, human resource management will have to be considered as when the company grows, human resources issues such as employee satisfaction, organizational behavior comes into picture (Nachiappan Anantharaman, 2006). Thus, skilled craftsman and a proper human resource management systems would be required Facility layout and process scheduling The tasks scheduling and facility layout needs a complete transformations and it should not be priority based. It should be tasks based irrespective of the profit margins (Seuring, 2013). Also since the demand is likely to increase in future, maintaining the quality along with producing quantity would be crucial Raw material procurement Since the scheduling should be based on the tasks, the raw material procurement is also a major point of concern (Vokurka Davis, 2004). Since the priority is not longer on higher profit margin product lines, a proper proportion of all the three product line orders must be there in order to maintain profitability and also maintain the share in the industry Conclusion All the above changes are required to in order to be sustainable in the industry that is ever growing and is likely to see huge competition in the coming future. Thus, a strategy change is required and the approach from quick profit making to a sustainable manufacturing facility is required (Beamon, 1999). This is not an easy approach because the profit margins for the company will reduce drastically and it will be difficult to maintain the same organizational strength and courage with a reduction in profit margins. But Fung and Chen should be focused more on the future of this industry rather than the present. For both to be successful in this strategy, it will be highly helpful if they could separate the manufacturing facility with custom cabinets being manufactured in one facility and the standard and the builders kitchen manufacturing in another facility. This would increase the investment substantially but will maintain the profitability in the custom cabinets and also help in gathering market share in the other two product lines. Since, there is enough demand in the market, the facility should not worry about the order and should soon find itself on the right path of sustainable growth. Based on the above discussion it can be said that the organization should have a plan to increase the scale of its operations. With the use of Information Technology in its Supply Chain, the organization can actually obtain a balance between the efficiency and responsiveness of its supply chain. In the end, the important thing is that the scalability of operations should not compromise the profitabilit y of the business. References Aghazadeh,S., Hafeznezami,S., Najjar,L., Huq, Z. (2011). The influence of work cells and facility layout on the manufacturing efficiency.Journal of Facilities Management, 9(3), 213 224. Beamon, B. (1999). Measuring supply chain performance.International Journal of Operations Production Management, 19(3), 275 292. Gilmour, P., 2013. Benchmarking supply chain operations.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management. H., Williams, T. (2011). Now, let's make it really complex (complicated) A systematic review of the complexities of projects.International Journal of Operations Production Management,31(9), 966-990. Nachiappan,R., Anantharaman, N. (2006). Evaluation of overall line effectiveness (OLE) in a continuous product line manufacturing system. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 17(7), 987 1008. Pagell, M. and Shevchenko, A., 2014. Why research in sustainable supply chain management should have no future.Journal of Supply Chain Management,50(1), pp.44-55. Simpson, D., Meredith, J., Boyer, K., Dilts, D., Ellram, L.M. and Leong, G.K., 2015. Professional, research, and publishing trends in operations and supply chain management.Journal of Supply Chain Management,51(3), pp.87-100. Sabharwal,A., Syal,M., Hastak, M. (2009). Impact of manufactured housing component assembly redesign on facility layout and production process.Construction Innovation, 9(1), 58 - 71. Seuring, S., 2013. A review of modeling approaches for sustainable supply chain management.Decision support systems,54(4), pp.1513-1520. Vokurka,R., Davis, R., (2004). Manufacturing strategic facility types.Industrial Management Data Systems, 104(6), 490 504.

The process of writing can be a tedious one for so Essays

The process of writing can be a tedious one for some, and a piece of cake for others. When the subject of a writing method is discussed one barely looks into the details of why, instead absent mindedly do them as if it were second nature. Today I'll be looking into my own flaws for once, and record a specific habit this particular indulgence has been a very hard one to not do, I'm talking about pacing. The reason for such research is to note and become aware of how it'll affect me, and for what purpose I do it. The hypothesis is that I'll be more efficient without it, and it will be nothing more than a nasty habit. I was first told of this habit by my mother who would catch me up and pacing as a child when handed a boring task, I still continue this habit as an adult and have adapted to different situations to control it. Methodology I needed a timer and a camera to do this experiment, also two essays in which I had to turn in this week (not counting this one). I was in my dorm typing on my laptop record the first, daydreaming and writing a sentence every 10 seconds or so, it was a Wednesday afternoon, and it seemed to be going smoothly ( I reserve my concentration for when I'm revising). It seemed very easy, and I was able to get done, although it was extremely slow, it felt like 4 hours . The second paper was a little harder to write, I didn't get out of my seat and eventually dealt with writers block, my work became more generic, given that I was just trying to get done, and thinking became a tedious task. As I've said before all I needed was a video camera a seat and desk, as well as a topic, in which I can easily provide for myself, the middle portion or the body of the essay was the most excruciating moment. I did both experiments one after the other and found the results to be diffe rent than what I had anticipated. Results As you can see, the results of each method look quite different from one another, and in no way are similar. I created a chart based on what I saw in the video, and timed how long I walked and what got done as a result. Time pacing Time finished 1)3:00 2)4:00 3)40 seconds 4)5:17 Total : 16:17 48:34(with pacing) 0 45 seconds(to go to the bathroom) 1:57:42 Like any other paper I seemed to be exhausted by the second one where as the first, I found my self refreshed every time I came back. I believe that I can beat this habit although I don't know if it can become useful in certain situations. On a side note, it seemed like I was wrong, day dreaming gets it done quicker, but it comes in a sloppy manner, and ALOT of rewriting is required. In conclusion it's safe to say I have a conflict when it comes to whether or not I should give up this habit once and for all. Although it's a nice way to deal with stress, the perspective of the situation also depends on whether or not it's needed. I really wish I could just dive into a paper, sit still and not move so much, pacing also seems to be triggered by music, and so is daydreaming meaning that the essay would've taken longer than necessary. Should I give up this habit or embrace it, and attempt to control it over the right situation? (E.g. creativity etc.).

Decolonization of the Filipino American Mind Essay Example

Decolonization of the Filipino American Mind Essay Example Decolonization of the Filipino American Mind Paper Decolonization of the Filipino American Mind Paper Berdahl, R. O. , Gumport, P. J. (Eds. ). (1999). American Higher Education in the Twenty-first Century: Social, Political, and Economic Challenges. Baltimore, MD: The John Hopkins University Press. Baldazo, P. G. (March 1991). The good, the bad, the beautiful, and the ugly in Filipino cultural values. Heritage, 5(1), p. 6. Barringer, H. R. , Takeuchi, D. T. , Xenos, P. (January 1990). Education, occupational prestige, and income of Asian Americans. Sociology of Education, 63(1), pp. 27-43. Blair, S. L. Qian, Z. (July 1998). Family and Asian students’ educational performance. Journal of Family Issues. 19(4), p. 355. California Postsecondary Education Commission (2000). College-Going Rates of California Public High School Graduates by Racial/ Ethnic Group, Fall 1997 to Fall 1999. Higher Education Performance Indicators. Sacramento, California. Callan, P. M. , Finney, J. E. , Bracco, K. R. , Doyle, W. R. (Eds. ). (1997) Public and Private Financing of Higher Education. Phoenix, AZ: Oryx Press. Constantino, R. (2000). The mis-education of the Filipino. Journal of Contemporary Asia. 30(3), pp. 428-44. Espiritu, Y. L.. (1992). Asian American Panethnicity: bridging institutions and identities. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press. Espiritu, Y. L. , Fujita Rony, D. , Kibria, N. , and Lipsitz, G. (June 2000). The Role of Race And Its Articulations for Asian Pacific Americans. Journal of Asian American Studies, pp. 127-137. Fong, T. (1998). The Contemporary Asian American Experience. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Fulgado, C. Q. (September 1991). Speaking on education. Heritage, 5(1), pp. 17-18. Gendrano, V. P. (Fall 1996). Understanding Filipino parents and grandparents. Heritage, 10(3), p. 20-21. Guillermo, E. (2002, February 5). Side-by-side: U. S. lies and broken promises. SF Gate. Retrieved December 4, 2002 from the World Wide Web: http://sfgate. com/cgi-bin/article. cgi? file=/gate/archive/2002/02/05/eguillermo. DTL. Harrison, F. V. (1995). The Persistent Power of â€Å"Race† in the Cultural and Political Economy of Racism. Annual Review of Anthropology, 24, 59. Heller, D. E. (Ed. ). (2001). The States and Public Higher Education Policy: Affordability, Access and Accountability. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press. Kang, K. C. (1996, January 26). Filipinos happy with life in U. S. , but lack united voice. Los Angeles Times, p. A1. King, R. C. (June 2000). Racialization, Recognition, and Rights: Lumping and splitting Multiracial Asian Americans in the 2000 Census. Journal of Asian American Studies, pp. 191-217. Luzzo, D. A. (October 1993). Ethnic Differences in College Students’ Perceptions of Barriers to Career Development. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 21(4), pp. 227-236. Okamura, J. Y. Agbayani, A. R. (1997). Pamantasan: Filipino American Higher Education. In M. P. P. Root (Ed. ). Filipino Americans: Transformation and identity (pp. 183-197). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Inc. Pimentel, B. (1999, January 31). White Man’s Forgotten War. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved December 4, 2002 from the World Wide Web: http://sfgate. com/cgi-bin/article. cgi? file=/chronicle/archive/1999/01/31/SC16131. DTL. Rodis, R. 2002, April 3). Losing track of one’s census. New California Media. Retrieved September 27, 2002 from the World Wide Web: http://news. ncmonline. com/news/view_article. html? article_id=119. Roley, B. A. (2001, August 20). Filipinos- the hidden majority. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved September 27, 2002 from the World Wide Web: http://sfgate. com/cgi-bin/a rticle. cgi? file=/chronicle/archive/2001/08/20/ED194136. DTL. Root, M. P. P. (Ed. ). (1997). Filipino Americans: Transformation and identity. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications Inc.. Rumbaut, R. G. (2002, May 22). Competing Futures: The children of America’s newest Immigrants. Migration Information Source. Retrieved September 27, 2002 from the World Wide Web: migrationinformation. org/Feature/print. cfm? ID=1. Sargon, E. (2001, January 19). California’s misplaced priorities deny equal rights. Daily Nexus Online. Retrieved September 27,2002 from the World Wide Web: dailynexus. com/opinion/2001/205. html. Schirmer, D. , Shalom, R. (Eds. ). (1987). The Philippines Reader: A history of colonialism, neocolonialism, dictatorship and resistance. South End Press. Takaki, R. (1989). Strangers From A Different Shore: A history of Asian Americans. New York: Penguin Books. The Filipino Crisis in Higher Education. Retrieved September 27, 2002 from the World Wide Web: ocv/berkeley. edu/~pass/crisis. html. U. S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. (July 2002). NCES Profile of Undergraduates in United States Postsecondary Institutions (1999-2000) Statistical Analysis Report (NCES 2002-168). Washington D. C. : Office of Educational Research and Improvement. Wolf, D. L. (Fall 1997). Family secrets: transnational struggles among children of Filipino immigrants. Sociological Perspectives, 40(3), p. 457(26)

The United States Civil War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The United States Civil War - Essay Example Cultural and social historians felt that it was due to the differences between the civilizations and values. While revisionist historians believed that the issue was slavery.1 Historians do agree that the North wanted to embrace modernity thereby ending slavery while the South efforts were to preserve slavery and its agrarian way of life. Davis, the first president of the Confederate States and Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States; the Union emphasizing strict compliance to the United States Constitution and support for the Union; the Democratic Party was divided into two parties, one representing the North and the other representing the South. Both believing that slavery ought to continue, however, the North thought the federal government had the right to prohibit slavery in territories. Although the Republican Party was anti-slavery, they did not advocate putting an end to slavery but wanted to prevent its expansion into territories that had not yet become states. And the Southern states seceded from the Union and established the Confederate of America when the federal government prohibited the expansion of slavery.2 In the midst of such chaos, why did the South lose the United States Civil War Ned Harrison, a writer in Greensboro, North Carolina, who specializes in military history, thinks the fundamental economic superiority of the North; a basic lack of a military strategy in the way the South fought the war; the Southerners unskilled performance in foreign affairs; the South's lack of a dominating civilian leader; the Confederate Constitution's over-emphasis on individuals' and states' rights and failure to stress the responsibilities of the individual or the state to the federal government and Abraham Lincoln were the reasons why the South lost the Civil war.3 Abraham Lincoln's role as president of the United States during the Civil War was that of a conservative revolutionary. His goal was to conserve the Union as the revolutionary heritage of the founding fathers. Lincoln, a strategist and war leader, was responsible for the Union victory. Lincoln, a superb leadership as president, commander-in-chief and head of the Republican Party, knew and understood the meaning of freedom, the limits of government power and individual liberty in time of crisis and the problems of wartime leadership. Determined, he liberated four million slaves, and overthrew the social and political order of the South.4 James M. McPerson, professor of history at Princeton University, including the Pulitzer Prize-winner of Battle Cry of Freedom, says the Union's extraordinary leadership was the reason why the South lost the Civil War. As the war progressed, Northern military leadership developed a rational strategy for victory which destroyed the Confederate armies and their resource of slavery with the Emancipation Proclamation. The Union's military strategies on the battlefield completely demolished the Confederacy's ability to wage war. And the combined strategic leadership at the political level with Lincoln and the military level with Ulysses Grant, William Sherman, and Philip H. Sheridan resulted in Northern victory. William C. Davis, former editor of Civil War Times Illustrated and author A Government of Our Own: The Making of the Confederacy, says the South lost because

The Eradication of Smallpox Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Eradication of Smallpox - Research Paper Example The present research has identified that since smallpox was spread by air, it was very difficult to contain it in congested human settlements such as cities.   Not until the discovery of medical vaccination were humans able to protect themselves against smallpox. While vaccination option remained controversial throughout, there is no doubt that it greatly helped contain the disease and save thousands of lives. The improvement in sanitary conditions in cities and hygiene levels in hospitals had also contributed to controlling the disease. As statistics from Britains National Health Service shows, the first stage in the elimination of smallpox was achieved during the middle of last century, when â€Å"virulent smallpox (variola) was replaced naturally in Britain by a milder type (alastrim), antigenically identical but with a much lower mortality (1 percent). This was then gradually eliminated by increased attention to isolation and contact tracing†. However, the threat of smal lpox still persisted as sporadic outbreaks of both these variants remained till the 1960s. But through a combination of vaccination, safety legislation and improvement in sanitary conditions, smallpox was completely eradicated from Europe and America by 1970. The World Health Organization was encouraged by the success in advanced countries and attempted to replicate this success in the rest of the world. But the medical community always had hope, for smallpox was an ideal candidate for eradication. For example, the immune system of the affected individual got boosted after about. Secondly, â€Å"the virus was antigenically stable (unlike influenza); there were no carriers (unlike typhoid) or animal reservoirs (unlike malaria)†. To add to this, effective vaccines were being developed. And the medical community was also aware that robust control measures can be implemented to contain an emerging epidemic. So in the 1970s, a worldwide eradication drive was implemented. Surveilla nce-containment was the buzzword associated with this drive. This involved â€Å"trained workers searching for cases, with rewards for those who found them.

Helicopter Experiment: Speed of Fall

Helicopter Experiment: Speed of Fall Hend Darwish Research Question: At what speed will the helicopter fall by adding more paper clips to its base (the bottom)? Variables: Independent Variable: Amount of paper clips Dependent Variable: Speed Constant: Same Helicopter Same Timer Same height (2m) Hypothesis: My hypothesis is that the more paper clips added to the base of the helicopter, the speed will increase. I think this will happen because gravity will pull the helicopter down and the opposite force (air resistance), which is acting on the wings will get weaker because the wings will fold upwards. This will cause less for the air resistance to act on which will cause the speed to increase. Method: For our helicopter lab, we first measured two meters on the wall so we have will drop the helicopter at the same place. Then, Eliah will drop the helicopter and Holly will time how long it takes with the stopwatch. We repeated this step for three mores tests and with two, three, four, five and six paperclips attached to the base. Then, we found the average speed of each paperclip and recorded our results into a graph. To make our test a fair test, we made sure its the same person timing and dropping the helicopter. Also, we always dropped the helicopter from two meters. For our safety, we made sure that we are in an empty space so we dont bump into anyone or the paper helicopter doesnt go on someones head. Also, we made sure that we are not next to any chemicals or flamed Bunsen burner so when we pick up our helicopter, it wont catch on fire or be covered by any chemicals that could harm us. Apparatus: 1 Paper Helicopter Stopwatch 100cm ruler 6 paperclips Diagram: Data Collection: Amount of Paper Clips on a Helicopter The amount of paper-clips on the helicopter Time taken for the helicopter to fall a distance of two meters (s) Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Mean Speed (m/s) 1 1.38 1.68 1.31 1.45 1.38 2 1.22 1.40 1.19 1.27 1.57 3 1.13 1.40 1.30 1.27 1.57 4 1.16 1.0 1.09 1.05 1.9 5 .96 1.30 .84 1.03 1.94 6 .63 .53 .81 .65 3.08 Data Processing: Table of Amount of Paper Clips Affect the Average Speed of the Paper Helicopter The amount of paper-clips on the helicopter Time taken for the helicopter to fall a distance of two meters (s) Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Mean Average Speed (m/s) 1 1.38 1.68 1.31 1.45 1.38 2 1.22 1.40 1.19 1.27 1.57 3 1.13 1.40 1.30 1.27 1.57 4 1.16 1.0 1.09 1.05 1.9 5 .96 1.30 .84 1.03 1.94 6 .63 .53 .81 .65 3.08 To get the mean, you have to add the three trials together then divide it by three. For example: 1.83 + 1.68 + 1.31 =4.37 4.37 / 3 = 1.45 To get the speed, you have to divide 2 by the mean of the three trials. For example: 2 / 1.45 = 1.38 2 / 1.27 = 1.57 Data Presentation: Conclusion: According to our graph our hypothesis was correct: The more paper clips added to the base of our helicopter the more the speed will increase. Our data corresponds with the line of best fit really well up until our last data point which was 6 paper clips and was 3.08s. It is much higher than all the other points, I think this one particular piece of data is unreliable because it dose not correspond to the rest of the data as well as the graph. This may be because our timing methods when timing the last one was different then the rest of our graph. To make sure that this would be an accurate experiment, we did three trials for each paper clip(s) and then calculated the mean and speed. Evaluation:      Ã‚   Our Method was reliable and extremely accurate because for each amount of paper clip, we had three trials so we could create an average speed. Also, we used the same person for timer and the dropper of the paper helicopter. If I could re-do the experiment, I would have made the height higher, such as 3-4m so we could have more accurate readings.

Consequences of Exploration for Europeans and the Indigenous Peoples

In 1492, Christopher Columbus landed in the Caribbean bearing the name of the Spanish Crown in hopes that he had landed in the Indies of Asia using a direct sea route. Though that is not where he landed, his â€Å"New World† was a place of great wealth, new materials and crops, new source of labor, and new land for the European nations. The consequences for the native people of the Americas were much worse with devastating death tolls, enslavement, new diseases and racist attitudes towards them. Though it would not be fair to say that the Europeans did not share in negative consequences or that the indigenous people did not gain any advantages. The greatest negative consequences for the Europeans due to the European expansion are a devastating economic revolution, and the introduction of the venereal disease Syphilis. Once the Spanish began to mine the precious ores of America the wealth of Spain underwent a major transformation. Demanding one-fifth of all profit, the Crown became immensely rich and this showed in their influence on the rest of Europe, seeing that other countries now lacked the material wealth of Spain. Throughout this time of great wealth the population rose steadily in Spain. With population increase, came an increased demand for food and merchandise. Spain had expelled a large amount of their skilled farmers, workers, merchants and businessmen during the Inquisition when they cleansed their country of the Jewish and Muslim people. Along with the demand in Spain, the demand for Spanish and European products in the Americas also became hard to keep up with. With the ever-increasing influx of silver bullion the prices in Spain began to rise and the inflation quadrupled the prices of everything within thirty years. In 1556, Martin de Azpilcueta Navarro, a Spanish canon lawyer, writes about the influx of American silver as the cause of the inflation. We see by experience that in France, where money is scarcer than in Spain, bread, wine, cloth, and labour are worth much less. And even in Spain, in times when money was scarcer, saleable goods and labour were given for very much less than after the discovery of the Indies, which flooded the country with gold and silver. The reason for this is that money is worth more where and when it is scarce than where and when it is abundant. Along with this, the Spanish king Philip II spent more money on outside enterprises to worsen his countries debt. When needing to pay his debt to other countries, he also paid in silver bullion spreading the inflation to the rest of Europe. The discovery of the Americas led Europe to inflation and increased prices and Spain to almost complete debt by the seventeenth century. Besides silver and gold, the native people of the Americas passed Syphilis on to the Spanish who came to settle there. In five year time, Syphilis had spread to Russia from the European Atlantic coast. Though it could not be proven, Syphilis is thought to have originated in Espaniola because no evidence of Syphilis exists in Europe before 1493. These open sores, boils, and aches in the joints caused excruciating pains to many Europeans due to this quickly widespread venereal disease. The only proven effective way to treat Syphilis was from drinking the boiled bark of the guaiacum tree which only grew in Espaniola. Though no exact numbers were calculated for Syphilis it could not be compared to the death tolls that the European diseases left on the Indian populations. â€Å"In a period of 130 years, something like 95 percent of all Native Americans died of disease. That number is far greater than experts (until recently) had ever suspected. The Native Americans who survived the plagues were, of course, completely demoralized and depressed by this tremendous loss of their loved ones, of their lifestyle, and of their ancient culture. â€Å"(Bib 2. ) The 95 percent population loss of the Natives was staggering compared to probably one percent death caused by Syphilis. Thus though Syphilis was a negative consequence of European expansion it proved minor compare to the Indigenous peoples loss due to European disease. Besides new crops and animals the indigenous people were introduced to new religions, medicines and ways of life that helped better themselves. Christianity was introduced to the indigenous people thanks to very ardent Catholicism from the Spanish and Portuguese. These Christians taught of love, equality and a heaven after death for those who acted well on earth. For many indigenous people this religion called to them and they were converted. Those who did not convert voluntarily were either forced to convert or killed. The native people actually became very passionate about this religion and even followed religious doctrines more closely than the Spanish conquistadors. The natives began to spread peace and love as a bigger doctrine than territory fighting which shows how religion was a positive outcome from European expansion. New technology and medicine helped more effectively cure the local people and brought new light to the topic. In Pre-Colombian times the Indian populations would come to the ailing and stay by their side through illness thus probably catching the illness themselves, the Europeans taught to isolate the sick and better medicines to treat them. The lives that new medicines saved in the Americas is immeasurable but probably still do not compare to the lives lost from European diseases. New technologies such as guns, steel and sailing equipment helped build stronger weapons than the ones previously possessed by Indians, and a new material from which objects could be made. Very strong steel could be used to make protection from swords and swords themselves thus fortifying indigenous peoples' ability to make weapons, protect themselves, and hunt. Many thousands of things brought from Europe helped make indigenous life better such as candles to light the night and paper so writing and language could be better developed. Though much understated there were many positive outcomes from European expansion to the indigenous people of the Americas and even a few negative outcomes for the Europeans themselves. More often than not, when talking about the European expansion into America, the Europeans seem to get much better rewards from their expansion. And they actually did. They reaped much higher rewards from their conquest of the Americas than the indigenous people, yet it cannot be forgotten that both peoples' had multiple sides to their gains and losses due to European expansion. Bibliography Quotes: {draw:frame} 1. â€Å"Why were Native Americans so vulnerable to European diseases? (article). † Articles on how to feel good more often and get more done. Web. 10 Oct. 2009. http://www. youmeworks. com/why_native_americans. html. Galloway, J. H. The Sugar Cane Industry An Historical Geography from its Origins to 1914 (Cambridge Studies in Historical Geography). New York: Cambridge UP, 2005. Print. American Indian past and present. Norman: University of Oklahoma, 2008. Print. Other Info: â€Å"Spanish colonization of the Americas -. † Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Web. 11 Oct. 2009. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas. â€Å"Native Americans in the United States – European colonization. † Spiritus-Temporis. com – Historical Events, Latest News, News Archives. Web. 11 Oct. 2009. http://www. spiritus-temporis. com/native-americans-in-the-united-states/european-colonization. html.

Business Model Re-Engineering: Myspace

————————————————- Business Model Re-engineering MySpace Date: November 4, 2011 ————————————————- Word Count: 3742 Introduction Nowadays, increasingly more industries, especially the media sector, are facing a continuous change. In the case of media, this is mainly a result of steadily developing digital technology. Even though a company’s business model might have been successful for many years, it suddenly can start to become weaker. The media market is quite competition-driven and hence a competitor with a new business model might alter the industry almost instantly (Business model re-engineering, n. d. ). In such a competitive market, the â€Å"strategy [†¦] is about being different. † (Eisenhardt & Sull, 2001, p. 116). This statement perfectly implies that companies and their products need to be so unique with such a well thought-out and innovate business model that they can create a competitive advantage. However, this adaption of the business model in an ever-changing media environment turns out to be quite a complex challenge, since now many companies face a decline of customers and revenue. A good example for a business model that could not survive the changing media environment in terms of online social networking is the one of Myspace. Consequently, I am going to propose a re-engineering of its business model. In this paper, I will focus on the problems of the current business model and carefully analyze the context of the market in order to propose a refreshed model that will help Myspace to survive and to compete more successfully in nowadays’ social networking market. Myspace needs a business model that provides value to its customers, guarantees a competitive advantage, as well as collects revenue (Teece, 2010). Myspace Myspace. com, which was founded in 2003 by Chris DeWolfe and Tom Anderson (Piskorski, Chen, & Knoop, 2008), is an online social networking ervice that is now owned by Specific Media LLC and singer Justin Timberlake (Specific Media Acquires Myspace, 2011). Specific Media LLC is a media company which sells advertising online with a technology that aims at targeting specific customer segments (Specific Media LLC, 2011). Specific Media LLC, however, has not been the owner of Myspace for long. In June 2011, the company bought Myspace for about $35 million and as part of the deal pop star Justin Timberlake took an ownership stake (Specific Media Acquires Myspace, 2011). Before, from 2005 until 2011, it was owned by Rupert Murdoch’s News Corporation (News Corporation to Acquire Intermix Media, Inc, 2005). From 2005 until 2008, Myspace was the most popular social networking website in the world, as measured by the visitors. But the number of 75. 9 million visitors per month in 2008 dropped to 34. 8 million in May 2011 (Gillette, 2011). Problems Is Facebook Myspace’s biggest problem? Since 2008, Myspace has been continuously losing members which was at the time when it was overtaken by Facebook (Mack, 2008). Myspace has been gradually losing its users which can be expressed by the declining members and visitors of the website. As from February 2010, the visitors decreased by 43. 3 per cent (Arrington, 2011) and the members shrunk by ten million within one month at the beginning of 2011 (Stafford, 2011). This decline brings along a dramatic loss in revenues which are solely generated by advertising (Enders, Hungenberg, Denker, & Mauch, 2008). Facebook has now about 25 times more users than Myspace (Stafford, 2011) and it seems that members migrated from Myspace to Facebook, but there is other reasons for the failure of Myspace, mainly in terms of innovation. Myspace was performing really well at the time of News Corp’s acquisition and it barely had any competitors. However, with the rise of its first great competitor Facebook, the former leading social networking site had to confront one of its severest lacks: innovation! At the very beginning, Facebook entered a niche market, namely the one of college students. Firstly, it was available to Haravard students, then more and more universities wanted to join Facebook and today, almost everybody is using this social network, no matter if college student or not (Piskorski et al. , 2008). Today, around 600 million users enjoy keeping in touch with people all over the world via Facebook (Cauwels & Sornette, 2011). Facebook managed this great success because it was innovative. New features have been added all the time since it has been launched, hence people were involved and kept coming back as a result of new innovations such as the ‘news feed’ at that time (Stafford, 2011). While Facebook managed to be innovative all the time, Myspace failed to adapt to the market and did not add new features as Facebook did. Additionally, Myspace did not allow third party developers to create new features such as applications (e. g. Facebook – FarmVille etc. ), they rather kept everything behind closed doors. Therefore, Myspace lost the competition of controlling the market at the time between 2006 and 2008 and consequently it became boring (Stafford, 2011). Even though Myspace had certain features, they did not all work very well. For example, members were able to create their own backgrounds either themselves or they could download an existing design from many providers who specialized in creating Myspace profile designs. This feature turned into quite a mess, problems, and confusion regarding certain profiles. The whole competition resulted in a confusing mess and one could not be sure on what Myspace was focusing. Not only because of the customized user profiles but also because of some other flaws in the site’s design, Myspace was confronted with security issues. Results were spyware (Hesseldahl, 2006), phishing, and spam (Webb, Caverlee, & Pu, 2010). Another security fear was regarding the profile content. Users were concerned about trust and privacy and even law enforcement officials claimed, â€Å"MySpace is used by sexual predators to lure teenagers† (Dwyer, Hiltz, & Passerini as cited by Schrobsdorff, 2006, p. 5). The last problem I want to focus on is the revenue model. As previously mentioned, Myspace operates on revenues from advertising. Especially under the ownership of News Corp, the main focus was on generating revenue. It seemed that Rupert Murdoch solely focused on revenues and nothing else which is a great flaw for a social networking site, as it needs to focus on the onsumers. In 2006, Google pledged to pay News Corp as many as $900 million over three and a half years and in return Google was allowed to provide search services and advertising on Myspace (Piskorski et al. , 2008). For Myspace’s customer it seemed that the site was full of too much unorganized advertising, hence the website appeared unp rofessionally (James, 2009). The previously listed problems of Myspace are mainly problems of the time when Myspace lost the competition against Facebook, and reasons why Myspace is not successful anymore. With regards to the Business Model Canvas by Alexander Osterwalder (2009), I will focus on the problems based on the following elements: Value Propositions, Key Partners, Revenue Streams, and Media Channels. The element of value propositions â€Å"seeks to solve customer problems and satisfy customer needs with value propositions† (Osterwalder & Pigneur, 2009, p. 16). I consider this part to be Myspace’s greatest problem regarding the issues of trust, privacy, spam, spyware, and phishing. Furthermore, the lack of innovation was one of the major problems why Myspace lost that many users who constantly want to experience something new. With its lack of good and new features as well as its unclear point of focus, Myspace was not able to deliver value which would result in customers continue to use the social network. From my personal experience, I can say that Myspace faded into obscurity which can be backed up by the low number of users now, compared to the time of 2006 when Myspace was at its peak (Snyder, Carpenter, & Slauson, 2006). I was a Myspace user around 2006 as well, when I was 15 years old. It seemed to be a meeting point for teenagers and for me it was not any different from the German social networking site ‘Schuler VZ’ except that it is international. However, as time went by, I decreasingly used Myspace as for me it always was too confusing and it could not compete with the German social network. Besides, I got spammed with advertising, random men (who were not at my age) thought it was a dating service, and it simply became boring. Therefore, I can state that Myspace’s biggest problem is that it is not valuable enough for the users. Theory Firstly, I will focus on the value propositions as all the other elements, I chose to focus on, follow up on the value propositions. When looking at value propositions, I would like to consider the three types of value propositions according to Anderson, Narus, and van Rossum (2006), namely ‘all benefits’, ‘favorable points of difference’, and ‘resonating focus’. In the case of Myspace, it certainly would not be enough to â€Å"simply list all the benefits† (Anderson et al. , 2006, p. 2) since there are too many competitors in the Internet environment that share most of the benefits and values. The ‘favorable points of difference’ approach is promising in so far that it distinguishes the valuable points that the competitors do not offer. However, I believe that Myspace does not present many highly valuable aspects over their competitors and therefore it would be most convenient to concentrate on the ‘resonating focus’. With this approach, I will focus on â€Å"the one or two points of difference [†¦] whose improvement will deliver the greatest value to the customer for the foreseeable future† (Anderson et al. , 2006, p. 4). In connection to that, I will of course need to study the greatest competitors with regards to their value propositions in order to highlight Myspace’s most valuable points of difference. Furthermore, I will need to research what customers expect from online social networking, what they value about Myspace, and what they generally find lacking in the social networking environment in order to develop ideas for a possible niche market. Additionally, for this customer value research, I will need to conduct research on focus groups with regards to problems mentioned in the previous section (safety and innovation). Furthermore, the design is an important aspect of the value propositions as well. As I previously stated, the old Myspace design was quite confusing which resulted in safety problems. Hence, a new design is needed which is unified for every user, yet attractive and which does not allow bugs. Secondly, in relation to innovation, I will need to look at the Key Partners who will be part of the re-engineering of the Media Channels as well and concerning revenues. Through Media Channels, the company can communicate with its customers and deliver the value propositions (Osterwalder et al. 2009). Especially in the online environment, awareness can be raised with the help of other key partners. For example, you can share content from one website on another. Not so long ago, Myspace introduced connection opportunities to Twitter and Facebook (Myspace introduces mashup with Facebook, 2010) and also youtube allows sharing videos on myspace. Myspace’s connections to Facebook which will al so help to generate user-specific streams according to the user’s Facebook profiles. However, Facebook for example, does not allow a connection to Myspace. Accordingly, Key Partners are needed that would help promoting Myspace. Moreover, the former revenue model which only consisted of advertising, has proven to be quite annoying for the users, hence Myspace needs Key Partners who will not only make the website more appealing but also help to make revenue. Hence, research has to be done on Key Partners who are willing to help financing Myspace as well as who would be interested to offer for example applications (which then help the Key Partners as well). As I said before, Myspace faded into obscurity. For this reason, I will also need to look at other media channels such as campaigns and marketing strategies in order to bring Mypsace back to people’s minds. In that relation, research needs to be done on what marketing strategies worked for successful social networks such as Facebook and also what media channels can help to basically re-introduce a media product like Myspace. Assumptions & Best Practices Review First of all I need to mention that Myspace decided in 2010 to focus on music and entertainment (About Myspace, 2010). However, for now I will only consider online social networking sites as websites that focus on music and entertainment are not Myspace’s greatest competitors. Of course, I will need to take Facebook into account as Myspace’s greatest competitor and as today’s most popular social network which was the most visited website in June 2011 (Smith, 2011). Facebook first started in a niche market of college students and it got awareness from the very beginning. It did not use any special advertising campaigns to become popular but the promotion was rather by word to mouth (Mitchell, 2009). The popularity has then been covered by newspaper articles and television which reported on the success (Ibid). Mark Zuckerberg launched Facebook as a unique and intimate website and constantly added new features that kept the site interesting. Facebook is far more innovative than Myspace and therefore the members keep using it and promote it by word-of-mouth advertising. Similarly to Facebook, Twitter was initially successful in a niche market. At the beginning, primarily computer- and technology specialists as well as bloggers used Twitter for example to promote their blogs (How did Twitter become popular? 2009). Twitter could convince with its simplicity and real life experience. Real life experience in so far that people twittered news from certain events such as the Mumbai attacks or recently the uprisings in Tunisia as different to regular news channels (Ibid). The best practices that made Twitter and Facebook successful and popular are therefore word-to-mouth advertising and t he Internet itself. Word-to-mouth advertising only worked because of the convincing and interesting designs and usability. Both platforms are innovative, as they have been creating new features that make them enjoyable, flexible and interesting (The Success of Twitter, 2011). Those best practices worked for Myspace as well – in the beginning. However, the task now is to remake Myspace aware to people’s minds and the goal is that the users actually keep using Myspace because of the new design and value propositions. I would suggest sending a short and catchy email to the Myspace users which shortly introduces them to the new Myspace. Users might want to get to know the new Myspace and then tell people about their good experience. Additionally, since Myspace is focusing on music, an advertising campaign might help to make new bands aware of Myspace’s ability to promote their work. Facebook uses an aggressive innovation approach, meaning that it comes up with new features that users initially might not like but after a while they cannot imagine Facebook without those new features anymore. Furthermore, Facebook constantly adapts the privacy settings in order to meet the customers’ needs with regards to safety (Blodget, 2010). Innovation keeps Facebook interesting and worthwhile to continue using it. Another highlight it offers for their users are applications. Many software developers create applications for Facebook which make the site not only more interesting and entertaining but also help to generate revenues (Stone, 2007). With the help of key partners, Myspace can get help for its design as well as applications that help to make the site interesting. What is more, key partners help financing; hence Myspace would not only be dependent on advertising revenues. As users find the amount of advertising quite annoying, Myspace can focus on less but personalized advertising. Those steps would help to make Myspace more innovative and it can easier meet the users’ needs in terms of design, safety, new features that make it worth to use. Research Proposal – Method Myspace needs change! More specifically, Myspace needs a re-engineered business model. The previous statistics show that the numbers of Myspace users decline gradually. If this decline continues, the once most popular social network (Bains, 2009) will soon be almost unknown or at least unused. However, with further research on my previously stated ideas based on the problems of Myspace in relation to the Business Model, I will be able to help Myspace creating a new and innovative Business Model that will help to avoid further declining user numbers and to create competitive consistency in the environment of social networking. In order to study the value propositions carefully, I will conduct qualitative research. Only with qualitative research I will be able to gather in-depth understanding of the reasons why people do not use Myspace anymore. I can gather such information in two ways: through interviews and through an online research community. With the help of a qualitative research interview I will gather the facts as well as analyze the meaning (Kvale, 1996). As a result, I will be able to understand the values customers need as well as the reasons and problems which caused the failure of Myspace. By using an online research community, Myspace can put â€Å"the customer at the heart of [the] marketing strategy† (Simon, 2009). Such research communities allow efficient and deep qualitative research online. In such a community, members can discuss certain aspects such as new features and designs, and Myspace can adapt accordingly. Besides, a qualitative research online will probably bring more results since people rather take the time to discuss issues online. However, the qualitative Interview will also be needed because it is an additional in-depth analysis with face-to-face communication that enables immediate follow up questions and answers with high reliability. The qualitative research of both forms will be base on current or former Myspace users and also on general social network users in order to determine the general arget group’s values. Questions for both kinds of researches will for example include what they currently like about Myspace, what they do not like, why they use Myspace, or why they (stopped) using Myspace, what they generally value about Myspace, and their opinions about the competitors such as Facebook. For good measure a detailed research on the competit ors and their best practices is essential. This can be done by further online research on the competitor’s strategies in order to find out what could work for Myspace as well. Plan The following table provides an overview of the estimated time and costs for this project – subject to modifications. For now, I will conduct the research for three weeks, meaning that for example that the online community will be run for three weeks. Part| Time| Costs per hour| Costs per day| Creating online community(5 employees)| 8 hrs| EUR 10 (x5)| EUR 400| Leading discussion online(10 employees)| 3 wks (120 hrs)| EUR 8 (x10)| EUR 9600| Analyzing online community (10 employees)| 2 wks (80 hrs)| EUR 12 (x10)| EUR 9600| Developing questions for both onliny community and interview (4 employees)| 8 hrs| EUR 12 (x4)| EUR 384| Interviews (5 hrs per day)(10 interviewer)| 3 wks (75 hrs)| EUR 12 (x10)| EUR 9000| Evaluation Interview(10 employees)| 2 wks (80 hrs)| EUR 12 (x10)| EUR 9600| Total Costs for staff:| EUR 38584| Further costs: Possible travel costs (for interviewers):ca. EUR 300 Equipment (for Interviewers – recorders etc. ):ca. EUR 400 Technical equipment for online community:ca. EUR 10000 Total Costs:ca. EUR 49284 The additional costs might not apply if the equipment already exists. All prices are including value added taxes. Reflection In this paper I laid the foundation for a re-engineering of Myspace’s Business Model. Back in 2006 and 2007 I was a member of Myspace as well. However, I never liked this social network much since it was confusing, annoying because of all the advertising and I did not feel safe using it. Overall, it did not really work out. Now I am a Facebook user and I totally forgot about Myspace. Apparently, other social network users feel the same way which can be expressed by the declining number of Myspace users. Myspace became quite unpopular, fewer and fewer people visit that site and Facebook out-competed Myspace fast. Therefore I analyzed the problems that resulted in the failure of Myspace. The main overall problem is innovation. Myspace failed to add new features in order to make the platform interesting and worthwhile to keep using it. Myspace totally faded into obscurity wherefore it is essential to re-engineer at the media channels. Also, Myspace did not allow third party developers to help designing the page and add for example applications which not only would make the network more entertaining but also help generating revenues other than advertising. Instead, members were able to design their own profiles. This feature, however, resulted in an overall confusing design and safety problems. Safety problem arose from the bad software as it was easier to install for example spyware. Myspace could not meet the values that the customers need. Aside from bugs such as spyware, spam and phishing, users experienced a great lack of trust and privacy in that online network. To sum it up, I focused on the re-engineering of the following parts of the Business Model Canvas by Osterwalder and Pigneur (2009): Value Propositions, Media Channels, Key Partners, and Revenue Streams. All parts of the business model are connected though. That is why I analyzed all parts with regards to the others. My idea is that Myspace needs to be innovative. It can do so in analyzing both the values of customers and the best practices of the competitors and then adapt accordingly. With this method, Myspace can add new feature that will surely meet the customers’ desires. This is connected with a new design and key partners. Key partners can not only help with the design but also with innovation by adding applications that make Myspace more interesting. Furthermore, key partners would create another method of generating revenues. Then, Myspace would not only depend on advertising revenues and can reduce the annoying advertising to unostentatious, user-personalized advertising. After its changes, people need to be made aware of the new Myspace. This can be done with a short and catchy email to Myspace members who will then positively experience the re-engineered Myspace and spread the word. Additionally, television and Internet advertising campaigns might help to bring Myspace to the people’s minds. I am convinced that those methods and the further research, suggested in form of qualitative interviews, qualitative online community research and qualitative research on the competitors, would help Myspace to survive the competition in the online environment of social networks as well as stop a further downfall. References About Myspace. (2010). Retrieved November 1, 2011 from Myspace http://www. myspace. com/pressroom/2010/11/myspace-introduces-mashup-with-facebook/ Anderson, J. C. , Narus, J. A. , van Rossum, W. (2006). Customer Value Propositions in Business Markets. Harvard Business Review. Arrington, M. (2011, March 23). Amazingly, MySpace’s Decline is Accelerating. Retrieved October 29, 2011 from http://techcrunch. com/2011/03/23/amazingly-myspaces-decline-is-accelerating/ Bains, L. (2009). Facebook Overtakes MySpace as Most Popular Social Networking  Site. Retrieved November 2, 2011 from http://www. switched. com/2009/01/27/facebook-overtakes-myspace-as-most-popular-social-networking-sit/ Blodget, H. (2010). Ignore The Screams–Facebook's Aggressive Approach Is Why It Will Soon Become The Most Popular Site In The World. Retrieved November 2, 2011 from http://articles. businessinsider. om/2010-05-17/tech/29991115_1_ceo-mark-zuckerberg-facebook-s-pr-innovation Business model re-engineering. (n. d. ). Retrieved October 27, 2011 from AMR International http://www. amrinternational. com/services/corporate_and_business_unit_strategy/business_model_re-engineering Cauwels, P. , Sornette, D. (2011). Quis pendit ipsa pretia: facebook valuation and diagnostic of a bubble based on nonlinear demographic dynamics. Retrieved October 30, 2011 from Cornell University Library http://arxiv. org/abs/1110. 1319 Dwyer, C. , Hiltz, S. , Passerini, K. (2007). Trust and Privacy Concern Within Social Networking